/* San Diego Zoo. %%http://www.sandiegozoo.org/Xbytes/a-reptiles.html */ :- asserta(user(unknown)). :- dynamic history/1. :- retractall(history(_)). %%%Age process_text([young], Output) :- user(unknown), asserta(user(young)), retractall(user(unknown)), newquestion(Temp), append(['Ok we will now start.'], Temp, Output). process_text([old], Output) :- user(unknown), asserta(user(old)), retractall(user(unknown)), newquestion(Temp), append(['Ok we will now start.'], Temp, Output). process_text([new,user], Output) :- retractall(user(X)), asserta(user(unknown)), retractall(history(_)), grapher(clear), Output = ['You"ll be asked a series of questions and you"ll receive an electric shock for mistakes. Are you young or old?']. process_text(_, [write,young,or,old]) :- user(unknown). %%% Process input, look for a question: process_text(Input, Output) :- keyword(Input, Action, Arg), do(Action, Arg, Temp), flatten(Temp, Temp2), % append(Temp2, ['.'], Temp3), history(question(_, _, Text)), append(Temp2, Text, Output), flush. %%% Process input, look for an answer: process_text(Input, Output) :- % answerkeyword(Input, Arg), checkanswer(Input), newquestion(Temp), append(['Well done.'],Temp, Output). %%%Give a hint: process_text(Input, Output) :- user(young), % answerkeyword(Input, Arg), givehint(Input, Temp), flatten(Temp, Output), flush. process_text(Input, Output) :- user(young), grapher(clear), grapher(node('Mistake', bitmap('shock.jpg'))), history(question(_, _, Temp)), append(['Wrong;', you, will, now, receive, a, 'shock. '], Temp, Output). process_text(Input, Output) :- user(old), grapher(clear), grapher(node('Mistake', bitmap('shock.jpg'))), newquestion(Temp), append(['Wrong;', you, will, now, receive, a, 'shock. '], Temp, Output). checkanswer([Arg]) :- history(question(Question, Animal, _)), Question = taxonomy, animal(Arg, Animal). checkanswer([Arg]) :- history(question(Question, Animal, _)), Question = property, findall(H, property(Animal, H), X), member(Arg, X). givehint(Arg, [it,is,a,subtype,of,Hint]) :- history(question(Question, Animal, _)), Question = taxonomy, hierarchy(Hint, Arg). givehint(Arg, [an,example,of,a,property,of,this,animal,is,Hint]) :- history(question(Question, Animal, _)), Question = property, property(Arg, Hint). newquestion(Text) :- findall(Y, animal(_, Y), X), length(X, Z1), Z is random(Z1), nth0(Z, X, Animal), Z2 is random(2), Z2 = 1, not(history(question(taxonomy, Animal, _))), Text = ['What',is,the,Animal,'the subtype of?'], asserta(history(question(taxonomy, Animal, Text))). newquestion(Text) :- findall(Y, animal(_, Y), X), length(X, Z1), Z is random(Z1), nth0(Z, X, Animal), property(Animal, _), not(history(question(property, Animal, _))), Text = ['What',is,special,about,the,Animal,'?','Tell',me,one,property,you,'know.'], asserta(history(question(property, Animal, Text))). %%% Draw history: draw:- findall(arc(A, 'and then', arrows:=second), user(A),Arcs), grapher([mode(step), Arcs, persist]). %%% Parse Input: answerkeyword([_,Animal,is,a,Arg|_], Arg) :- history(question(_, Animal, _)). answerkeyword([_Animal,belongs,to,the,Arg|_], Arg) :- history(question(_, Animal, _)). answerkeyword([Animal,is,a,Arg|_], Arg) :- history(question(_, Animal, _)). answerkeyword([Animal,belongs,to,the,Arg], Arg) :- history(question(_, Animal, _)). answerkeyword([_,Animal,Arg], Arg) :- history(question(_, Animal, _)). answerkeyword([Animal,Arg], Arg) :- history(question(_, Animal, _)). keyword([how|Input], route, Arg) :- parse(Input, route, Arg). keyword([where|Input], where, Arg) :- parse(Input, where, Arg). keyword([what|Input], specific, Arg) :- parse(Input, specific, Arg). keyword([what|Input], hierarchy, Arg) :- parse(Input, hierarchy, Arg). keyword([what|Input], content, Arg) :- parse(Input, content, Arg). %keyword([what|Input], inherited, Arg) :- % parse(Input, inherited, Arg). keyword([what|Input], taxonomy, Arg) :- parse(Input, taxonomy, Arg). %parse([is, _, Arg|_], inherited, [Arg]). parse([is, _, Arg|_], hierarchy, [Arg]). parse([is, _, Arg|_], where, [Arg]). parse([of, _, Arg|_], specific, [Arg]). parse([about, _, Arg|_], specific, [Arg]). parse([animals, _, in, this,zoo|_], content, _). parse([taxonomy|_], taxonomy, _). parse([from, _, Arg, to, _, Arg2|_], route, [Arg, Arg2]). %parse([special|Input], specific, Arg) :- % parse(Input, specific, Arg). %ignore this word parse([_|Input], Action, Arg) :- parse(Input, Action, Arg). drawallicons([]). drawallicons([X|Animals]) :- concat(icon, X, Y), concat(Y, '.jpg', Z), grapher(node(X, bitmap(Z))), drawallicons(Animals). %Actions do(hierarchy, [X], ['The',X,is,a,Out1,which,is,a,Out2,'.']) :- grapher(clear), animal(Out1, X), hierarchy(Out2, Out1), concat(X, '.jpg', Y), grapher(node(X, bitmap(Y))). do(specific, [X], Output) :- grapher(clear), getproperties(X, Temp, _), append(['The',X, 'has the following things that are special:'], [Temp,'.'], Output), concat(X, '.jpg', Y), grapher(node(X, bitmap(Y))). do(inherited, [X], Output) :- grapher(clear), getproperties(X, _, Temp), append([the, X], [Temp,'.'], Output), concat(X, '.jpg', Y), grapher(node(X, bitmap(Y))). do(route, [X,Y], Route) :- grapher(clear), route(X, Y, Route), grapher(node('Zoo Map', bitmap('zoo.jpg'))). do(where, [X], [the,X,is,at,cage,Y,',',Z]) :- grapher(clear), location(X, Y, Z), grapher(node('Zoo Map', bitmap('zoo.jpg'))). do(content, _, ['The following animals live is this zoo:', X]):- grapher(clear), findall(Y, animal(_,Y), X), drawallicons(X), grapher([layout]). do(taxonomy, _, ['The graph shows the taxonomy of all animals in the zoo']) :- grapher(clear), findall(arc(A, B, 'is a', arrows:=second), animal(B,A), Arcs), findall(arc(B, C, 'is a', arrows:=second), hierarchy(C,B),Arcs1), append(Arcs,Arcs1,Arcs2), grapher([mode(step), Arcs2, persist]), grapher(layout), grapher(layout), grapher(layout), grapher(layout). %do(content, _, ['The following animals live is this zoo:', X]):- % findall(node(Y,bitmap(C)), animal(_,Y), X), % findall(node(A,_),X,B), % concat(A,'.jpg',C), % grapher([mode(step),X,persist]). %%% Data: Hierarchy of types. hierarchy(god, animal). hierarchy(animal, mammal). hierarchy(animal, non_mammal). hierarchy(mammal, monotremes). hierarchy(mammal, marsupial). hierarchy(mammal, placental). hierarchy(non_mammal, bird). hierarchy(non_mammal, amphibian). hierarchy(non_mammal, reptile). hierarchy(reptile, turtles). hierarchy(reptile, lizards). hierarchy(reptile, crocodiles). %%% Data: List of properties for each type property(god, omniscient). property(god, omnipotent). property(god, allLoving). % [note: God's properties can not be inherited.] property(mammal, vertebrate). property(mammal, endoterm). property(mammal, hair). property(mammal, milk). property(non_mammal, eggs). property(non_mammal, verbetrate). property(marsupial,pouch). property(placental,placenta). property(bird, endothermic). property(bird, feathers). property(amphibian, ectothermic). property(amphibian, metamorphosis). property(reptile, ectothermic). property(reptile, scale). %properties for specific animals. property(frog, 'rolling tongue'). property(frog, jumps). property(frog, swims). property(wolf, dangerous). property(chameleon, automagic_camouflage). property(boa, strangles). property(tortoise, slow). property(flamingo, rose). property(leopard, fast). property(kangaroo, bounces). property(koala, food_bamboo). property(tasmanian_devil, cartoon_hero). property(homo_erectus, erect). property(owl, good_sight). property(eagle, lonely). property(salamander, slippery). property(gecko, wall_crawler). property(python, poisenous). property(terrapin, bites). property(alligator, big_mouth). %%% Data: List of animals in each type animal(monotremes,duckbilled_platypus). animal(marsupial, koala). animal(marsupial, kangaroo). animal(marsupial, tasmanian_devil). animal(placental, homo_erectus). animal(placental, leopard). animal(placental, wolf). animal(bird, flamingo). animal(bird, owl). animal(bird, eagle). animal(amphibian, frog). animal(amphibian, salamander). animal(reptile, python). animal(reptile, boa). animal(turtles, tortoise). animal(turtles, terrapin). animal(lizards, gecko). animal(lizards, chameleon). animal(crocodiles, alligator). %%%Locations: each cage is part of a matrix, ranging from 1,1 to n,n. location(exit,0,0). location(entrance,0,0). location(tasmanian_devil,1,1). location(koala,1,2). location(kangaroo,1,3). location('duck-billed platypus',1,4). location(homo_erectus,2,1). location(leopard,2,2). location(wolf,2,3). location(frog,2,4). location(flamingo,3,1). location(owl,3,2). location(eagle,3,3). location(salamander,3,4). location(boa, 4, 1). location(python, 4, 2). location(gecko, 4, 3). location(chameleon, 4, 4). location(tortoise, 5, 1). location(terrapin, 5, 2). location(alligator, 5, 3). %%%Get a list of properties for a given animal, with inheritance. getproperties(Name, Specific, Inherited) :- animal(CurrentNode, Name), specificproperties(Name, Accu, Specific), inheritproperties(Name, CurrentNode, Accu, Inherited), !. %Find specific properties of animal specificproperties(Name, [], Answer) :- property(Name, X), specificproperties(Name, [X], Answer). specificproperties(Name, List, Answer) :- property(Name, X), not(member(X, List)), specificproperties(Name, [X|List], Answer). specificproperties(_, List, List). %Inherit properties from parent types inheritproperties(_, god, List, List). inheritproperties(Name, CurrentNode, [], Answer) :- property(CurrentNode, X), inheritproperties(Name, CurrentNode, [X], Answer). inheritproperties(Name, CurrentNode, List, Answer) :- property(CurrentNode, X), not(member(X, List)), %X \= H, inheritproperties(Name, CurrentNode, [X|List], Answer). %Find parent hierarchy (bottom-up) inheritproperties(Name, CurrentNode, List, Answer) :- hierarchy(NewNode, CurrentNode), inheritproperties(Name, NewNode, List, Answer). %%%Find route route(AnimalA, AnimalB, [start,at,the,AnimalA,'-',X,and,Y,you,are,at,the,AnimalB]) :- location(AnimalA, Xa, Ya), location(AnimalB, Xb, Yb), routeX(Xa, Xb, X), routeY(Ya, Yb, Y). routeX(Xa, Xb, Walkthisway) :- Xb = Xa, Walkthisway = ''. routeX(Xa, Xb, Walkthisway) :- Xb > Xa, Xc is Xb - Xa, Walkthisway = [go, Xc, cages, east]. routeX(Xa, Xb, Walkthisway) :- Xb < Xa, Xc is Xa - Xb, Walkthisway = [go, Xc, cages, west]. routeY(Ya, Yb, Walkthisway) :- Yb = Ya, Walkthisway = ''. routeY(Ya, Yb, Walkthisway) :- Yb > Ya, Yc is Yb - Ya, Walkthisway = [go,south,Yc,'cages.']. routeY(Ya, Yb, Walkthisway) :- Yb < Ya, Yc is Ya - Yb, Walkthisway = [go, north,Yc,'cages.']. %dysfunctional code: %%%Find all animals with given properties findanimals(Properties, Animals) :- findanimals(god, _, Properties, [], Animals), !. %Check for match findanimals(CurrentNode, CurrentAnimal, Properties, Accu, List) :- %animal(CurrentNode, CurrentAnimal), animal(CurrentNode, CurrentAnimal), not(member(CurrentAnimal, Accu)), getproperties(CurrentAnimal, X, Y), append(X, Y, Z), subset(Properties, Z), findanimals(CurrentNode, CurrentAnimal, Properties, [CurrentAnimal|Accu], List). %Next animal findanimals(CurrentNode, CurrentAnimal, Properties, Accu, List) :- animal(CurrentNode, NewAnimal), not(CurrentAnimal = NewAnimal), findanimals(CurrentNode, NewAnimal, Properties, Accu, List). %Next node in hierarchy (top-down): findanimals(CurrentNode, _, Properties, Accu, List) :- hierarchy(CurrentNode, NewNode), findanimals(NewNode, _, Properties, Accu, List). %%%Find AnimalNew 1 propertie tegelijk zoeken findanimalsnew(Properties,Animals):- findanimalsnew(Properties,Animals,_), writeln(Animals),fail. findanimalsnew(Properties,Animals,_):- property(Animals,Properties), animal(_,Animals). findanimalsnew(Properties,Animals,_):- property(TempAnimals,Properties), animal(TempAnimals,Animals). findanimalsnew(Properties,Animals,_):- property(TempAnimals,Properties), hierarchy(TempAnimals,Temp2Animals), animal(Temp2Animals,Animals). findanimalsnew(Properties,Animals,_):- property(TempAnimals,Properties), hierarchy(TempAnimals,Temp2Animals), hierarchy(Temp2Animals,Temp3Animals), animal(Temp3Animals,Animals). %%findanimalsnew([X|Properties],Animals,_);-